Suspended Compounds in English Grammar

In English grammar, a suspended compound is a set of compound nouns or compound adjectives in which an element common to all members is not repeated. Also called suspensive hyphenation. A hyphen and a space follow the first element of a suspended compound. (A hyphen with a space after it is called a hanging hyphen.) Examples and Observations The festival starts with a parade, followed by the crowning of Little Miss Catfish, who is chosen by drawing a name from among the five- and six-year-old catfish princesses. (Bob Rashid, Gone Fishing. University of Wisconsin Press, 1999)The difference between the pre- and post-test scores is the so-called learning gain.More injuries are caused by falls from a three- or four-foot height than by falls from tall extension ladders.More than half of three- and four-year-old children in the U.S. attend preschool.Several arguments support the idea that there is a fundamental difference between short- and long-term memory.At the Paperback Exchange, books of all kinds can be exchanged for first- and second-hand books in English.Cyrus McCormick, the head of International Harvester, typified nineteenth- and twentieth-century industrialists understanding of manliness.​ Stylistic Advice: Suspended Compounds Do not use suspended compound adjectives unless space is limited. In a suspended compound adjective, part of the adjective is separated from the rest of the adjective, such as first- in first- and second-generation computers. If you must use suspended compound adjectives, include a hyphen with both adjectives. Avoid forming suspended compound adjectives from one-word adjectives. (Microsoft Manual of Style, 4th ed. Microsoft Press, 2012) Suspended compounds of the form water-based and -soluble paint are licit but likely to confuse readers; substitute water-based and water-soluble paint. (Amy Einsohn, The Copyeditors Handbook. University of California Press, 2000) Also See CompoundingCompound WordsSay Good-bye to the Hyphen

Roll of Thunder Hear My Cry - 1497 Words

Segregation was a way of life for almost all southerners from the period between the end of Reconstruction (1876) to the passage of the Civil Rights Act (1964). This covers the period known as The Great Depression (1929-1939). During this period banks lost billions of dollars and everyone was affected, even the wealthiest people. However, the effects of The Great Depression were felt the greatest for the poor. These people did not have any money, nor did they have a job to make money. There are stories of people standing out in long lines just to receive a little bit of food or perhaps have the opportunity to apply for a job that they would most likely not receive. The souths main industry was farming, and it was this industry that†¦show more content†¦Segregation was seen in the fact that Cassie and her brothers had to attend one school while the white kids got to attend another school. Segregation was seen in the fact that Cassie and her brother had to walk an hour to get to school while the white kids got to ride on buses. Discrimination was evident when the school got books to study with, for the first time. Upon getting the book Cassies brother, Little Man, discovers that his book is old and has disparaging remarks in it. After Little Man throws his book down and prepares to get a whipping, Cassie discovers the cause of his discontentment and comes to his rescue by saying: â€Å"See, Miz Crocker, see what it says. They give us these ole books when they didnt want em no more† (Taylor 26). Upon looking at the book and seeing the disparaging remarks Cassies teacher simply responded, â€Å"Thats what you are,† (Taylor 26). That simple remark showed the attitudes of many blacks regarding the issue of segregation and discrimination. They had become used to it and it simply became a way of life. What is noteworthy about the book is the journey that Cassie Logan goes through in order to gain understanding about the way life was in the segregated South during The Great Depression. Although she is immersed in the racism, she was also unaware of it. For example, Cassie is aware that the bus driver â€Å"liked to entertain his passengers by sending us slipping along the road to the almost inaccessibleShow MoreRelatedEssay on Roll of Thunder Hear My Cry1607 Words   |  7 PagesRoll of Thunder Hear My Cry Mildred D. Taylors Roll of Thunder, Hear my Cry is set during the Great Depression, in the rural areas of Mississippi. The majority of the people in this community are sharecroppers, who are greatly dependent on plantation farming. The Logan family is fortunate because they have a piece of land of their own, so unlike other black sharecroppers they do not have to be dependent on the whites. However, due to the sharp decrease in the price of the cotton crop the familyRead MoreRoll Of Thunder Hear My Cry1277 Words   |  6 Pagesof jobs, education. The majority of the poor blacks living in the south are able to survive by sharecropping. This works to the advantage of white people, as they are able to maintain the illusion that they are superior. In the book, â€Å"Roll Of Thunder Hear My Cry â€Å", the author focuses on the conflicts that arise in this struggling town. The author introduces us to the Logan’s, the only black family to own land independently , and T.J.,the s on of a sharecropping family. As we follow the relationshipRead MoreRoll of Thunder Hear My Cry -1769 Words   |  8 PagesContrast and compare the ways in which the characters of David and Hammer Logan deal with the issue of prejudice in #8220;Roll of Thunder, Hear My Cry#8221; Mildred D. Taylor#8217;s #8220;Roll of Thunder, Hear my Cry#8221; is set during the Great Depression, in the rural areas of Mississippi. The majority of the people in this community are sharecroppers, who are greatly dependent on plantation farming. The Logan family is fortunate because they have a piece of land of their own, so unlikeRead MoreRoll Of Thunder Hear My Cry901 Words   |  4 PagesJR Caggiano In Newbury Award winning author Mildred D. Taylor’s Roll of Thunder Hear My Cry, There is an African-American family named the Logans. The Logans struggle with the racist white 1930 Mississippi community. In the fifth chapter Cassie (the only daughter of the family) displays many acts of innocents while joining Big Ma on her trip to Strawberry. The first act of innocence shown by Cassie happens when she sees the other wagons selling their goods over at the entrance. At the entranceRead MoreAnalysis Of Roll Of Thunder Hear My Cry897 Words   |  4 PagesRoll of Thunder Hear my Cry Essay- It wasnt uncommon for African Americans to face violence because of their race in the 1930s South. Roll of Thunder Hear my Cry is about a black family who has to prove that they are as equal as the white folks. They go on endless journeys to achieve their goals. Roll of Thunder Hear my Cry shows an astonishing story of how characters have to come of age and understand what is happening in there everyday lives. Roll of Thunder Hear my Cry is a powerful story whereRead MoreAnalysis Of Roll Of Thunder Hear My Cry1508 Words   |  7 PagesThis book is called Roll of Thunder Hear My Cry, it’s by Mildred D. Taylor. Roll of Thunder Hear My Cry is a book about a family named the Logans. It’s a family of 4 kids and 2 parents. Papa is a railroad worker, who is not home very often. They live in a house with 400 acres of land surrounding them. Cassie is the only girl of the family trying to stand up for what she knows is right. And that’s to end racism, and to be treated fairly. Come along with Cassie and her 3 brothers, as they enter a worldRead MoreExamples Of Racism In Roll Of Thunder Hear My Cry1440 Words   |  6 PagesRoll of Thunder, Hear My Cry by Mildred D Taylor shows the ways that black people dealt with injustice and racism in the South. In this novel, it is very clear how people feel about racism. You can also see the ways in which they react and deal with it. It displays how degradation, humiliation and hatred fill the gap between the white and black races. Mildred D Taylor is an American writer. She was born in Jackson, Mississippi. She called this place â€Å"a segregated city in a segregated state in a segregatedRead MoreRoll Of Thunder, Hear My Cry By Mildred Taylor820 Words   |  4 PagesIn Chapter 5 of Roll of Thunder, Hear My Cry by Mildred Taylor, Cassie’s innocence causes her to find herself in frightening situations. Cassie, the black female protagonist of the story, lives in 1933, in Mississippi, where instances of racism happen daily. However, Cassie, because she is 9 years old and her family wants to protect her from the injustices of the world for as long as possible, doesn’t have a clear understanding of why the white people in her life are doing bad things to her or knowledgeRead More Roll Of Thunder, Hear My Cry Essay examples878 Words   |  4 Pages quot;Jeremy Simms amp; TJ Avery are two relativly minor characters in the story ROTHMC. However, they both reinforce the themes.quot; Discuss Aprox 1000 words There are many important Themes in the novel, Roll of Thunder, Hear my Cry. These themes include: racial prejudice, loyalty, honesty, friendship, personal integrity and respect for others. Although Jeremy Simms and TJ Avery are fairly minor people in the book, their characters are used to inforce and strengthen the themes of the novelRead MoreAnalysis Of The Novel Roll Of Thunder Hear My Cry 1378 Words   |  6 Pagesthe American South, but there is one event that she would never forget. The day that Cassie Logan is made to apologize to Lillian Jean Simms for bumping into her is the event that had the greatest impact on her character. In the novel, Roll of Thunder, Hear My Cry, the author Mildred Taylor uses a fourth grader to narrate the story and it shows how Cassie grows throughout it. Being only nine years old, Cassie is a very intelligent person that will speak her mind about what she thinks is right or

Frictonless compressor technology free essay sample

New compressor makes chillers cleaner, quieter, and more energy-efficient new compressor technology intro- THE BEARINGS Traditional centrifugal compressors use roller duced during the 2003 International Air-Conditioning, Heating, Refrig- bearings and hydrodynamic bearings, both of erating Exposition (AHR Expo), held last January which consume power and require oil and a lubrication system. Recently, ceramic in Chicago, may have a significant effect on the future of mid-range By HUGH CROWTHER, PE, roller bearings, which avoid issues and  related to oil and reduce power conchillers and rooftop applications EUGENE SMITHART, PE sumption, were introduced to the in water-cooled, evaporatively HVAC industry. The lubrication of cooled, and air-cooled chilledwater and direct-expansion (DX) systems. these bearings is provided by the refrigerant itself. 1 Designed and optimized to take full advantage of magnetic-bearing technology, the compressor was awarded Touchdown Permanent-magnet the fir st AHR Expo Innovation bearings synchronous motor Award in the energy category, as well as Canada’s Energy Efficiency Award for its potential to reduce utility-genShaft and Compressor impellers erated greenhouse-gas emissions. We will write a custom essay sample on Frictonless compressor technology or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The cooling compressor is key to a new watercooled centrifugal-chiller design, with Inlet-guide-vane Magnetic bearings Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration assembly and bearing sensors Institute (ARI) tests indicating integrated part-load values (IPLVs) not normally seen with conventional chillers in this tonnage range. This article describes this new The TT300 compressor’s onboard digital electronics manage operation compressor technology and its first use while providing external control and Web-enabled access to a full array of in an ARI-certified chiller design.  performance and reliability information. A Hugh Crowther, PE, is the global director of applications for McQuay International in Minneapolis. With more than 15 years of experience in large-HVAC-system design, he has written numerous articles and application guides related to HVAC design. Contact him at hugh. [emailprotected] com. Eugene (â€Å"Smitty†) Smithart, PE, is vice president of sales and marketing for Turbocor in La Crosse, Wis. With nearly 30 years of experience, he is well-known in the HVACR industry, having published numerous articles and been involved in a number of industry-changing initiatives. A recipient of the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency’s Climate Protection Award, he can be contacted at [emailprotected] com. F R I C T I O N L E S S Magnetic-bearing technology is significantly different. A digitally controlled magnetic-bearing system, consisting of both permanent magnets and electromagnets, replaces conventional lubricated bearings. The frictionless compressor shaft is the compressor’s only moving component. It rotates on a levitated magnetic cushion (Figure 1). Magnetic bearings—two radial and one axial— hold the shaft in position (Figure 2). When the magnetic bearings are energized, the motor and impellers, which are keyed directly to the magnetic shaft, levitate. Permanent-magnetic bearings do the primary work, while digitally controlled electromagnets provide the fine positioning. Four positioning signals per bearing hold the levitated assembly to a tolerance of 0. 00002 in. As the levitated assembly moves from the center point, the electromagnets’ intensity is adjusted to correct the position. These adjustments occur 6 million times a minute. The software has been designed to automatically compensate for any out-of-balance condition in the levitated assembly. Target sleeve Y-axis position sensor Channels 0-1 X-axis position sensor Channels 2-3 Channel 4 X-axis position sensor Impellers Z-axis Sensor Front position ring radial sensor bearing Motor Sensor ring Rear radial bearing Axial bearing FIGURE 2. A digitally controlled magnetic-bearing system consisting of two radial and one axial bearing levitate the compressor’s rotor shaft and impellers during rotation. fail, the touchdown bearings (also known as backup bearings) are used to prevent a compressor failure. The compressor uses capacitors to smooth ripples in the DC link in the  motor drive. Instantaneously after a power failure, the motor becomes a â€Å"generator,† using its angular momentum to create electricity (sometimes known as back EMF) and keeping the capacitors charged during the brief coastdown period. The capacitors, in turn, provide SHUTDOWNS AND POWER FAILURES enough power to maintain levitation When the compressor is not running, during coastdown, allowi ng the motor the shaft assembly rests on graphite-lined, rotor to stop and delevitate. This feature radially located touchdown bearings. The allows the compressor to see a power magnetic bearings normally position the outage as a normal shutdown.

The considerable overlap between Buddhism and Neuroscience Essay Example

The considerable overlap between Buddhism and Neuroscience Essay Following the thesis of Weisman’s article for the Seed Magazine, this essay will further furnish evidence in support of its claims. This essay will argue that much of the distilled wisdom of Buddhist thought is congruent with modern findings in neuroscience. Of late Buddhism has found a following in the West. The major reason is that it is seen as a practical and philosophical system than a dogmatic religion. For example, the practice of meditation is far from being an esoteric mystical aspiration. There are palpable everyday benefits arising from regular meditation practice. Just as working out in the gym is good for the body, the daily practice of meditation is seen as a mind-exercise. To the extent that the mind is a manifestation of the physiology of the brain, meditation can also be seen as a brain exercise. Neuroplasticity is the term used by neurologists for describing the mutability of brain structures. Just as a body builder can shape and grow his muscles by enacting them against weights, the meditator is changing the internal pathways of his brain by focussing attention on chosen objects. In the Vipassana technique of mediation, the object of focus is the flux of body sensations including that of breath. In Compassion meditatio n, the objective is to work up feelings of unconditional love toward all sentient beings. At the risk of making a spiritual practice into a utility tool, Buddhism is a great aid to negotiating the vagaries of life. We will write a custom essay sample on The considerable overlap between Buddhism and Neuroscience specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The considerable overlap between Buddhism and Neuroscience specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The considerable overlap between Buddhism and Neuroscience specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer One of the important tenets of Buddhist philosophy is the impermenance of self (anatta). This concept finds congruence with findings of neuroscience, which have exposed the fallacy of the coherent ‘self’. As in Weisman’s article, even scholarly publications prove the transient nature of experience of personhood. Contrary to other Indian religions such as Hinduism and Jainism, Buddhism â€Å"rejects the idea that there is an enduring, substantial self or soul. In the Buddhist view, there is no fixed concept of self; instead, there is a sequence of impermanent, dependently arising moments of consciousness.† (Netland, 2008) The idea of the self as this fixed identification and attendant personality and experience is a fallacious one. It turns out that not only is this self-identification illusory, but also self-destructive. Buddhist meditators point out how restlessness of mind leads to self-destructive behaviour, which in turn is due to a â€Å"false graspin g at self†. (Butler, 2006) One of the ends of meditation is to create conditions of equanimity, which can then be trained to gain focussed attention. Through the power of this focussed attention, negative tendencies can be dealt with. One can broadly reduce Buddhist principles into scientific terms. But the results sometimes contradict proven scientific theories. Take, say, Charles Darwin’s Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection. When we sift through Buddhist texts on the nature of humans, we can see a counter-evolutionary stance. As Richard Dawkins famously articulated in his The Selfish Gene, it is the selfishness of individual genes to propagate themselves that drives evolution. The individual, for all the illusionary grasp of a self and autonomy is merely a container for those genes. The individual acts in self-interest only to the extent that he/she benefit the genes being carried. But Buddhist wisdom does not accept this understanding of human nature. Buddha calls us â€Å"to realize that our deepest happiness consists not in living as individuals but as co-participants in a pervasive, ever-changing interconnectedness. To really live interconnectedly would mean the eradication of the selfish gene. It would tell us, as many contemporary evolutionary biologists are now arguing, that the â€Å"fittest† who survive are not the most selfish but the most cooperative. The compassionate gene can replace the selfish gene.† (Knitter, 2013, p. 6a) One must qualify the compassionate gene argument by citing Dawkins again. Dawkins recognizes the role of compassion in the propagation of genes. He identifies the value of altruism in the natural selection process. Altruism and selfish-gene might seem contradictory. But we learn from the Buddha’s Bodhisattva text that â€Å"Whatever happiness there is in the world all arises from the wish for others’ happiness. Whatever suffering there is in the world all arises from the wish for one’s own happiness. Compassion can win out over greed. However compatible that may be with science, it’s a message our present world would do well to consider.† (Knitter, 2013, p. 6a) Buddhism is now nearly 2500 years old. It was born at a time when methods of scientific inquiry were not yet available. Yet, Buddhism seems to have got most things right about the working of the human mind. Although original Buddhist texts talk in esoteric terminology, it is not difficult to translate them into scientific language. This is precisely what the Life and Mind Institute has attempted to do. Roping in such eminent Buddhist monks as the 14th Dalai Lama, the institute had started a process of dialogue between Buddhist scholars and scientists. The process is already bearing some fruits. This marriage of two erstwhile domains of knowledge is not as incompatible as it seems. There is an underlying principle that unites Buddhism to science, which is its repudiation of dogma. As the Dalai Lama himself notes, â€Å"One of the basic stands in Buddhist epistemology is that if a person upholds any particular viewpoint or tenet that is contrary to reason, then that person cannot be a ccepted as worthy of engagement. And even more so, in the case of someone who rejects the evidence of empirical facts.† (Butler, 2006) As a concluding thought, I should point to one of the issues raised by neuroscience with respect to Buddhism. The proposition that the self is a perception of the mind and that it has no basis in reality have led to challenges in moral theory. For example, â€Å"If the self is contingent and has no ontological status . . . this raises questions about how to develop a viable theory of moral agency and moral efficacy†¦A genuinely Buddhist approach to bioethics must flow from an identifiably Buddhist understanding of self, life and death.† (Netland, 2008) Works Cited Butler, Katy. â€Å"Being There: The Dalai Lama Gets Buddhism and Neuroscience to Go Face to Face.† Psychotherapy Networker January/February 2006. Knitter, Paul. â€Å"Are Buddhism and Science Incompatible?† National Catholic Reporter 21 June 2013: 6a. Netland, Harold. â€Å"Into the Jaws of Yama, Lord of Death: Buddhism, Bioethics, and Death.†Ethics Medicine 24.2 (2008): 124+. Weisman, David. Buddhism and the Brain, SEED Magazine, retrieved from http://seedmagazine.com/content/article/buddhism_and_the_brain/ on 11th May 2014