Suspended Compounds in English Grammar

In English grammar, a suspended compound is a set of compound nouns or compound adjectives in which an element common to all members is not repeated. Also called suspensive hyphenation. A hyphen and a space follow the first element of a suspended compound. (A hyphen with a space after it is called a hanging hyphen.) Examples and Observations The festival starts with a parade, followed by the crowning of Little Miss Catfish, who is chosen by drawing a name from among the five- and six-year-old catfish princesses. (Bob Rashid, Gone Fishing. University of Wisconsin Press, 1999)The difference between the pre- and post-test scores is the so-called learning gain.More injuries are caused by falls from a three- or four-foot height than by falls from tall extension ladders.More than half of three- and four-year-old children in the U.S. attend preschool.Several arguments support the idea that there is a fundamental difference between short- and long-term memory.At the Paperback Exchange, books of all kinds can be exchanged for first- and second-hand books in English.Cyrus McCormick, the head of International Harvester, typified nineteenth- and twentieth-century industrialists understanding of manliness.​ Stylistic Advice: Suspended Compounds Do not use suspended compound adjectives unless space is limited. In a suspended compound adjective, part of the adjective is separated from the rest of the adjective, such as first- in first- and second-generation computers. If you must use suspended compound adjectives, include a hyphen with both adjectives. Avoid forming suspended compound adjectives from one-word adjectives. (Microsoft Manual of Style, 4th ed. Microsoft Press, 2012) Suspended compounds of the form water-based and -soluble paint are licit but likely to confuse readers; substitute water-based and water-soluble paint. (Amy Einsohn, The Copyeditors Handbook. University of California Press, 2000) Also See CompoundingCompound WordsSay Good-bye to the Hyphen

Roll of Thunder Hear My Cry - 1497 Words

Segregation was a way of life for almost all southerners from the period between the end of Reconstruction (1876) to the passage of the Civil Rights Act (1964). This covers the period known as The Great Depression (1929-1939). During this period banks lost billions of dollars and everyone was affected, even the wealthiest people. However, the effects of The Great Depression were felt the greatest for the poor. These people did not have any money, nor did they have a job to make money. There are stories of people standing out in long lines just to receive a little bit of food or perhaps have the opportunity to apply for a job that they would most likely not receive. The souths main industry was farming, and it was this industry that†¦show more content†¦Segregation was seen in the fact that Cassie and her brothers had to attend one school while the white kids got to attend another school. Segregation was seen in the fact that Cassie and her brother had to walk an hour to get to school while the white kids got to ride on buses. Discrimination was evident when the school got books to study with, for the first time. Upon getting the book Cassies brother, Little Man, discovers that his book is old and has disparaging remarks in it. After Little Man throws his book down and prepares to get a whipping, Cassie discovers the cause of his discontentment and comes to his rescue by saying: â€Å"See, Miz Crocker, see what it says. They give us these ole books when they didnt want em no more† (Taylor 26). Upon looking at the book and seeing the disparaging remarks Cassies teacher simply responded, â€Å"Thats what you are,† (Taylor 26). That simple remark showed the attitudes of many blacks regarding the issue of segregation and discrimination. They had become used to it and it simply became a way of life. What is noteworthy about the book is the journey that Cassie Logan goes through in order to gain understanding about the way life was in the segregated South during The Great Depression. Although she is immersed in the racism, she was also unaware of it. For example, Cassie is aware that the bus driver â€Å"liked to entertain his passengers by sending us slipping along the road to the almost inaccessibleShow MoreRelatedEssay on Roll of Thunder Hear My Cry1607 Words   |  7 PagesRoll of Thunder Hear My Cry Mildred D. Taylors Roll of Thunder, Hear my Cry is set during the Great Depression, in the rural areas of Mississippi. The majority of the people in this community are sharecroppers, who are greatly dependent on plantation farming. The Logan family is fortunate because they have a piece of land of their own, so unlike other black sharecroppers they do not have to be dependent on the whites. However, due to the sharp decrease in the price of the cotton crop the familyRead MoreRoll Of Thunder Hear My Cry1277 Words   |  6 Pagesof jobs, education. The majority of the poor blacks living in the south are able to survive by sharecropping. This works to the advantage of white people, as they are able to maintain the illusion that they are superior. In the book, â€Å"Roll Of Thunder Hear My Cry â€Å", the author focuses on the conflicts that arise in this struggling town. The author introduces us to the Logan’s, the only black family to own land independently , and T.J.,the s on of a sharecropping family. As we follow the relationshipRead MoreRoll of Thunder Hear My Cry -1769 Words   |  8 PagesContrast and compare the ways in which the characters of David and Hammer Logan deal with the issue of prejudice in #8220;Roll of Thunder, Hear My Cry#8221; Mildred D. Taylor#8217;s #8220;Roll of Thunder, Hear my Cry#8221; is set during the Great Depression, in the rural areas of Mississippi. The majority of the people in this community are sharecroppers, who are greatly dependent on plantation farming. The Logan family is fortunate because they have a piece of land of their own, so unlikeRead MoreRoll Of Thunder Hear My Cry901 Words   |  4 PagesJR Caggiano In Newbury Award winning author Mildred D. Taylor’s Roll of Thunder Hear My Cry, There is an African-American family named the Logans. The Logans struggle with the racist white 1930 Mississippi community. In the fifth chapter Cassie (the only daughter of the family) displays many acts of innocents while joining Big Ma on her trip to Strawberry. The first act of innocence shown by Cassie happens when she sees the other wagons selling their goods over at the entrance. At the entranceRead MoreAnalysis Of Roll Of Thunder Hear My Cry897 Words   |  4 PagesRoll of Thunder Hear my Cry Essay- It wasnt uncommon for African Americans to face violence because of their race in the 1930s South. Roll of Thunder Hear my Cry is about a black family who has to prove that they are as equal as the white folks. They go on endless journeys to achieve their goals. Roll of Thunder Hear my Cry shows an astonishing story of how characters have to come of age and understand what is happening in there everyday lives. Roll of Thunder Hear my Cry is a powerful story whereRead MoreAnalysis Of Roll Of Thunder Hear My Cry1508 Words   |  7 PagesThis book is called Roll of Thunder Hear My Cry, it’s by Mildred D. Taylor. Roll of Thunder Hear My Cry is a book about a family named the Logans. It’s a family of 4 kids and 2 parents. Papa is a railroad worker, who is not home very often. They live in a house with 400 acres of land surrounding them. Cassie is the only girl of the family trying to stand up for what she knows is right. And that’s to end racism, and to be treated fairly. Come along with Cassie and her 3 brothers, as they enter a worldRead MoreExamples Of Racism In Roll Of Thunder Hear My Cry1440 Words   |  6 PagesRoll of Thunder, Hear My Cry by Mildred D Taylor shows the ways that black people dealt with injustice and racism in the South. In this novel, it is very clear how people feel about racism. You can also see the ways in which they react and deal with it. It displays how degradation, humiliation and hatred fill the gap between the white and black races. Mildred D Taylor is an American writer. She was born in Jackson, Mississippi. She called this place â€Å"a segregated city in a segregated state in a segregatedRead MoreRoll Of Thunder, Hear My Cry By Mildred Taylor820 Words   |  4 PagesIn Chapter 5 of Roll of Thunder, Hear My Cry by Mildred Taylor, Cassie’s innocence causes her to find herself in frightening situations. Cassie, the black female protagonist of the story, lives in 1933, in Mississippi, where instances of racism happen daily. However, Cassie, because she is 9 years old and her family wants to protect her from the injustices of the world for as long as possible, doesn’t have a clear understanding of why the white people in her life are doing bad things to her or knowledgeRead More Roll Of Thunder, Hear My Cry Essay examples878 Words   |  4 Pages quot;Jeremy Simms amp; TJ Avery are two relativly minor characters in the story ROTHMC. However, they both reinforce the themes.quot; Discuss Aprox 1000 words There are many important Themes in the novel, Roll of Thunder, Hear my Cry. These themes include: racial prejudice, loyalty, honesty, friendship, personal integrity and respect for others. Although Jeremy Simms and TJ Avery are fairly minor people in the book, their characters are used to inforce and strengthen the themes of the novelRead MoreAnalysis Of The Novel Roll Of Thunder Hear My Cry 1378 Words   |  6 Pagesthe American South, but there is one event that she would never forget. The day that Cassie Logan is made to apologize to Lillian Jean Simms for bumping into her is the event that had the greatest impact on her character. In the novel, Roll of Thunder, Hear My Cry, the author Mildred Taylor uses a fourth grader to narrate the story and it shows how Cassie grows throughout it. Being only nine years old, Cassie is a very intelligent person that will speak her mind about what she thinks is right or

Frictonless compressor technology free essay sample

New compressor makes chillers cleaner, quieter, and more energy-efficient new compressor technology intro- THE BEARINGS Traditional centrifugal compressors use roller duced during the 2003 International Air-Conditioning, Heating, Refrig- bearings and hydrodynamic bearings, both of erating Exposition (AHR Expo), held last January which consume power and require oil and a lubrication system. Recently, ceramic in Chicago, may have a significant effect on the future of mid-range By HUGH CROWTHER, PE, roller bearings, which avoid issues and  related to oil and reduce power conchillers and rooftop applications EUGENE SMITHART, PE sumption, were introduced to the in water-cooled, evaporatively HVAC industry. The lubrication of cooled, and air-cooled chilledwater and direct-expansion (DX) systems. these bearings is provided by the refrigerant itself. 1 Designed and optimized to take full advantage of magnetic-bearing technology, the compressor was awarded Touchdown Permanent-magnet the fir st AHR Expo Innovation bearings synchronous motor Award in the energy category, as well as Canada’s Energy Efficiency Award for its potential to reduce utility-genShaft and Compressor impellers erated greenhouse-gas emissions. We will write a custom essay sample on Frictonless compressor technology or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The cooling compressor is key to a new watercooled centrifugal-chiller design, with Inlet-guide-vane Magnetic bearings Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration assembly and bearing sensors Institute (ARI) tests indicating integrated part-load values (IPLVs) not normally seen with conventional chillers in this tonnage range. This article describes this new The TT300 compressor’s onboard digital electronics manage operation compressor technology and its first use while providing external control and Web-enabled access to a full array of in an ARI-certified chiller design.  performance and reliability information. A Hugh Crowther, PE, is the global director of applications for McQuay International in Minneapolis. With more than 15 years of experience in large-HVAC-system design, he has written numerous articles and application guides related to HVAC design. Contact him at hugh. [emailprotected] com. Eugene (â€Å"Smitty†) Smithart, PE, is vice president of sales and marketing for Turbocor in La Crosse, Wis. With nearly 30 years of experience, he is well-known in the HVACR industry, having published numerous articles and been involved in a number of industry-changing initiatives. A recipient of the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency’s Climate Protection Award, he can be contacted at [emailprotected] com. F R I C T I O N L E S S Magnetic-bearing technology is significantly different. A digitally controlled magnetic-bearing system, consisting of both permanent magnets and electromagnets, replaces conventional lubricated bearings. The frictionless compressor shaft is the compressor’s only moving component. It rotates on a levitated magnetic cushion (Figure 1). Magnetic bearings—two radial and one axial— hold the shaft in position (Figure 2). When the magnetic bearings are energized, the motor and impellers, which are keyed directly to the magnetic shaft, levitate. Permanent-magnetic bearings do the primary work, while digitally controlled electromagnets provide the fine positioning. Four positioning signals per bearing hold the levitated assembly to a tolerance of 0. 00002 in. As the levitated assembly moves from the center point, the electromagnets’ intensity is adjusted to correct the position. These adjustments occur 6 million times a minute. The software has been designed to automatically compensate for any out-of-balance condition in the levitated assembly. Target sleeve Y-axis position sensor Channels 0-1 X-axis position sensor Channels 2-3 Channel 4 X-axis position sensor Impellers Z-axis Sensor Front position ring radial sensor bearing Motor Sensor ring Rear radial bearing Axial bearing FIGURE 2. A digitally controlled magnetic-bearing system consisting of two radial and one axial bearing levitate the compressor’s rotor shaft and impellers during rotation. fail, the touchdown bearings (also known as backup bearings) are used to prevent a compressor failure. The compressor uses capacitors to smooth ripples in the DC link in the  motor drive. Instantaneously after a power failure, the motor becomes a â€Å"generator,† using its angular momentum to create electricity (sometimes known as back EMF) and keeping the capacitors charged during the brief coastdown period. The capacitors, in turn, provide SHUTDOWNS AND POWER FAILURES enough power to maintain levitation When the compressor is not running, during coastdown, allowi ng the motor the shaft assembly rests on graphite-lined, rotor to stop and delevitate. This feature radially located touchdown bearings. The allows the compressor to see a power magnetic bearings normally position the outage as a normal shutdown.

The considerable overlap between Buddhism and Neuroscience Essay Example

The considerable overlap between Buddhism and Neuroscience Essay Following the thesis of Weisman’s article for the Seed Magazine, this essay will further furnish evidence in support of its claims. This essay will argue that much of the distilled wisdom of Buddhist thought is congruent with modern findings in neuroscience. Of late Buddhism has found a following in the West. The major reason is that it is seen as a practical and philosophical system than a dogmatic religion. For example, the practice of meditation is far from being an esoteric mystical aspiration. There are palpable everyday benefits arising from regular meditation practice. Just as working out in the gym is good for the body, the daily practice of meditation is seen as a mind-exercise. To the extent that the mind is a manifestation of the physiology of the brain, meditation can also be seen as a brain exercise. Neuroplasticity is the term used by neurologists for describing the mutability of brain structures. Just as a body builder can shape and grow his muscles by enacting them against weights, the meditator is changing the internal pathways of his brain by focussing attention on chosen objects. In the Vipassana technique of mediation, the object of focus is the flux of body sensations including that of breath. In Compassion meditatio n, the objective is to work up feelings of unconditional love toward all sentient beings. At the risk of making a spiritual practice into a utility tool, Buddhism is a great aid to negotiating the vagaries of life. We will write a custom essay sample on The considerable overlap between Buddhism and Neuroscience specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The considerable overlap between Buddhism and Neuroscience specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The considerable overlap between Buddhism and Neuroscience specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer One of the important tenets of Buddhist philosophy is the impermenance of self (anatta). This concept finds congruence with findings of neuroscience, which have exposed the fallacy of the coherent ‘self’. As in Weisman’s article, even scholarly publications prove the transient nature of experience of personhood. Contrary to other Indian religions such as Hinduism and Jainism, Buddhism â€Å"rejects the idea that there is an enduring, substantial self or soul. In the Buddhist view, there is no fixed concept of self; instead, there is a sequence of impermanent, dependently arising moments of consciousness.† (Netland, 2008) The idea of the self as this fixed identification and attendant personality and experience is a fallacious one. It turns out that not only is this self-identification illusory, but also self-destructive. Buddhist meditators point out how restlessness of mind leads to self-destructive behaviour, which in turn is due to a â€Å"false graspin g at self†. (Butler, 2006) One of the ends of meditation is to create conditions of equanimity, which can then be trained to gain focussed attention. Through the power of this focussed attention, negative tendencies can be dealt with. One can broadly reduce Buddhist principles into scientific terms. But the results sometimes contradict proven scientific theories. Take, say, Charles Darwin’s Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection. When we sift through Buddhist texts on the nature of humans, we can see a counter-evolutionary stance. As Richard Dawkins famously articulated in his The Selfish Gene, it is the selfishness of individual genes to propagate themselves that drives evolution. The individual, for all the illusionary grasp of a self and autonomy is merely a container for those genes. The individual acts in self-interest only to the extent that he/she benefit the genes being carried. But Buddhist wisdom does not accept this understanding of human nature. Buddha calls us â€Å"to realize that our deepest happiness consists not in living as individuals but as co-participants in a pervasive, ever-changing interconnectedness. To really live interconnectedly would mean the eradication of the selfish gene. It would tell us, as many contemporary evolutionary biologists are now arguing, that the â€Å"fittest† who survive are not the most selfish but the most cooperative. The compassionate gene can replace the selfish gene.† (Knitter, 2013, p. 6a) One must qualify the compassionate gene argument by citing Dawkins again. Dawkins recognizes the role of compassion in the propagation of genes. He identifies the value of altruism in the natural selection process. Altruism and selfish-gene might seem contradictory. But we learn from the Buddha’s Bodhisattva text that â€Å"Whatever happiness there is in the world all arises from the wish for others’ happiness. Whatever suffering there is in the world all arises from the wish for one’s own happiness. Compassion can win out over greed. However compatible that may be with science, it’s a message our present world would do well to consider.† (Knitter, 2013, p. 6a) Buddhism is now nearly 2500 years old. It was born at a time when methods of scientific inquiry were not yet available. Yet, Buddhism seems to have got most things right about the working of the human mind. Although original Buddhist texts talk in esoteric terminology, it is not difficult to translate them into scientific language. This is precisely what the Life and Mind Institute has attempted to do. Roping in such eminent Buddhist monks as the 14th Dalai Lama, the institute had started a process of dialogue between Buddhist scholars and scientists. The process is already bearing some fruits. This marriage of two erstwhile domains of knowledge is not as incompatible as it seems. There is an underlying principle that unites Buddhism to science, which is its repudiation of dogma. As the Dalai Lama himself notes, â€Å"One of the basic stands in Buddhist epistemology is that if a person upholds any particular viewpoint or tenet that is contrary to reason, then that person cannot be a ccepted as worthy of engagement. And even more so, in the case of someone who rejects the evidence of empirical facts.† (Butler, 2006) As a concluding thought, I should point to one of the issues raised by neuroscience with respect to Buddhism. The proposition that the self is a perception of the mind and that it has no basis in reality have led to challenges in moral theory. For example, â€Å"If the self is contingent and has no ontological status . . . this raises questions about how to develop a viable theory of moral agency and moral efficacy†¦A genuinely Buddhist approach to bioethics must flow from an identifiably Buddhist understanding of self, life and death.† (Netland, 2008) Works Cited Butler, Katy. â€Å"Being There: The Dalai Lama Gets Buddhism and Neuroscience to Go Face to Face.† Psychotherapy Networker January/February 2006. Knitter, Paul. â€Å"Are Buddhism and Science Incompatible?† National Catholic Reporter 21 June 2013: 6a. Netland, Harold. â€Å"Into the Jaws of Yama, Lord of Death: Buddhism, Bioethics, and Death.†Ethics Medicine 24.2 (2008): 124+. Weisman, David. Buddhism and the Brain, SEED Magazine, retrieved from http://seedmagazine.com/content/article/buddhism_and_the_brain/ on 11th May 2014

Brently Mallard Essay Example

Brently Mallard Paper Before the 1980`s, there was one ideal woman, she was seen as desirable innocent, sensual and passive she needed to be alert, patient and a intentive wife and loving mother but most of all obident. The lifes of women were limited they could not own money and were seen as propertyof men. The respectable jobs for women were teaching, embroidering and serving. There were two conflicting images of women at this time and these were- the pure,dutiful-help mate and the exciting but dangerous sex object. If you weren`t catorgrised into theses two images you either lived on the streets begging or sold your self into prositution. Kate chopin the author of the story of an hour, was widley read and higly honored, and specialised in feminist work! Kate chopin,had used her own experiencenes in this short story, her husband had died at a young age,so she realated to her characters feelings and uses her true perspective to represent life the way it actually is lived. At this time writers were mainly men! Thomas Hardy another famous writter, rasied in modest means went on to higher education and worked for solicitors, so contact with industrial women was rare, despite this he went on to journolism writing for women`s magazines, this doesn`t reflect in his story the arch decevier. Kate Chopin begins her story letting us know that the main character(Mrs Mallard) is inflicted with heart trouble, this gives us a clue of what the story has in store for us, straight away, Kate chopin suprises us with the shocking news of Mrs Mallard`s husbands death. We will write a custom essay sample on Brently Mallard specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Brently Mallard specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Brently Mallard specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Mrs Mallard displays the predictable behaviour we, and her family expected, she wept at once, in her sisters arms. Women at this time needed their men to survive. Any respectable woman had a husband or a chaparone, so when this news arrives to,Mrs Mallard, it seems that her life has came to and end. She leaves her company to sit and grief to herself. Kate chopin uses very discriptive language to describe the scenery in which Mrs Mallard sees the tops of trees that were all aquiver with the new spring life, the delious breath of life. Towards the end of the eight paragraph we get the idea that Mrs Mallard is thinking positivity of her husbands death, it was not a glance of reflection, but a glance of supension of intelligent thought, she began to recognise this thing that was approching to posses her, and she was striving to beat it back with her will. We sence from this that she is ashamed of her positive feelings towards her husbands death, But she saw beyond that bitter moment a long procession of years to come that would belong to her absolutley. And she opened and spread her arms out to them in welcome. Now we finally know that she is actually looking foward to her future years without her husband. She now realises that, there would be no one to live for, she would live for herself. She, expresses this by the words free,body and soul free! . And yet she had loved him-sometimes often she had not. What did it matter! what could love , the mystery, count for in face of his poession of self-assertion which she suddenly reconised as the strongest impulse of her being! This shows that not only is she just thinking positivily about her husbands death but now she is saying that its the best thing that`s ever happend to her! The even questions her ever loving him. She is caught up and enjoying this moment of thought so much that when her sister interepts she tells her ebruptley to go, away- angry that her sister had ruined her thoughts of happiness she explains to her self that the days would be her own. She breathed a quick prayer that life might be long,It was only yesterday she had thought with a shudder that life might be long. This shows that she looks forward to a long life without her husband, but shudderd,(hated) the thought of a long life with him, these are very powerful words that kate chopin uses, and they shock us! When her sister finally gets through to her she places great sympathy upon Mrs Mallard, again showing that this news should be a huge burden to a wife. On the way down stairs Brently Mallard walks in (her husband)We notice here that for the first time in this short story Kate Chopin uses Mrs Mallard Madin name! -Joesphines piercing cry at Richards quick motion to screen him from the view of his wife-learning her name just before she dies captures our extreme sympathy for the character we`ve felt we know so much about her, but don`t, leaving us in such mystery and thought, when the doctors came, they said she had died of heart disease. Of joy that killed, they say here that she`d died through happiness of knowing her husband was alive, we know that she`d died through the shock and dissappointment of him still living and ruining her dreams, and as pirations. Kate Chopin uses alot of descriptive language and uses alot of emotionand feelings, predictable from a female writer along with the fact that her husband had died did, she feel the same as josaphine? Her experiences of this made her story very realistic. Brently Mallard Essay Example Brently Mallard Paper â€Å"The Story of an Hour† written by Kate Chopin, is a short story about a woman named Louise Mallard and her reaction to the news that her husband has died. This news is brought to Mrs. Mallard from her sister, Josephine. Mrs. Mallard does not know how to react at first, and decides to have some time alone in her room. Inside the room, she feels lots of emotions such as sadness, happiness, that come together and ultimately she smiles. However, because of so much excitement, she could feel her heart pumping so fast that at the end of the story when Mr. Mallard enters the house, she dies because of a heart attack according to the doctor. Chopin successfully describes her actions and emotions with very vivid descriptions throughout the entire story. The sad, relief, happy emotions that Mrs. Mallard felt were thanks to his husband death, because his death meant finding independence from him. His role as a character is very significant for this story to continue; and thus I would like furthermore focus on his role and function in this short story. Even though he does not appear until the end, Mr. Mallard plays a very important role in this short story. The reason for all the chaos and all Mrs. Mallard’s emotions is because of the news that her husband is presumed dead. We will write a custom essay sample on Brently Mallard specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Brently Mallard specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Brently Mallard specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer His ‘death’ was the primary source of the development of this story. Moreover, Mr. Mallard represents a middle social class in the 19th century. His family and he himself were definitely not working class, and this is suggested in the story through the expensive objects in the house. They had lots of windows, chairs with cushions, and a door that could be opened with a latchkey, and could even afford to call doctors. He could afford everything a married couple needed, but why would someone who had him as a husband feel so free after hearing the news of his death? Mrs. Mallard needed and wanted some freedom in her life. She was tired of pretending to be a woman who devotes herself to her husband, she wanted a life of her own; do whatever she felt like doing. Consequently, she became so happy after learning that her husband has passed away that even she died of â€Å"heart disease-of joy that kills† according to the doctors. This was the case for many women during this period. According to a website about Chopin’s works and biography, this story was originally published as â€Å"The Dream of an Hour† in 1894. The reason why the word ‘dream’ was changed to ‘story’ might be because this kind of story could only happen to a few people in the late 19th century. However since liberty for women started to increase, this once called ‘dream’ turned into ‘reality’ and thus, into a story. One other interpretation of the role of the husband in the short story is that Mr. Mallard can be seen as society itself and society’s expectations. His wife, Mrs. Mallard, represents individuals who have been so oppressed by society that this oppression later on comes to be a disease that is carried for the rest of their lives. Comparing these characters with a society and the people living in it, these individuals are not able to live alone when they want to break out of society (shown through the death of Mrs. Mallard). Humans are beings that cannot survive alone; and thus, we need a group of people, a society. Nevertheless, we always have something to complain about in the society we live in. Chopin lived in an age where women and men had clear roles in society. Men were the ones who worked and financially supported the family; middle class women supported the family by staying at the house, taking care of the kids, doing the laundry, etc. Women in the 19th century could not even dream about studying for a high degree or even having a job outside the house. It was a male-based society and because of this, the boom of feminist people began to rise. Chopin thus successfully expressed women’s feelings through her literary work, â€Å"The Story of an hour†. Bibliography Koloski, Bernard. Kate Chopin The Story of an Hour: When The Story of an Hour was written and published. KateChopin. org. Kate Chopin International Society, 1 Oct. 2011. http://www. katechopin. org/the-story-of-an-hour. shtml#characters. 14 Oct. 2011.

Organizational Metaphor Definition and Examples

Organizational Metaphor Definition and Examples An organizational metaphor is a figurative comparison (that is, a metaphor, simile, or analogy) used to define the key aspects of an organization and/or explain its methods of operation. Organizational metaphors provide information about the value system of a company and about employers attitudes toward their customers and employees. Examples and Observations [M]etaphor is a basic structural form of experience by which human beings engage, organize, and understand their world. The organizational metaphor is a well-known way in which organizational experiences are characterized. We have come to understand organizations as machines, organisms, brains, cultures, political systems, psychic prisons, instruments of domination, etc. (Llewelyn 2003). The metaphor is a basic way in which human beings ground their experiences and continue to evolve them by adding new, related concepts that carry aspects of the original metaphor.(Kosheek Sewchurran and Irwin Brown, Toward an Approach to Generate Forward-Looking Theories Using Systemic Concepts. Researching the Future in Information Systems, ed. by Mike Chiasson, Ola Henfridsson, Helena Karsten, and Janice I. DeGross. Springer, 2011)What we may discover in analyzing organizational metaphors are complex relationships between thought and action, between shape and reflection.(Dvora Yanow, How Does a Pol icy Mean? Georgetown University Press, 1996) Frederick Taylor on Workers as Machines Perhaps the earliest metaphor used to define an organization was provided by Frederick Taylor, a mechanical engineer interested in better understanding the driving forces behind employee motivation and productivity. Taylor (1911) argued that an employee is very much like an automobile: if the driver adds gas and keeps up with the routine maintenance of the vehicle, the automobile should run forever. His  organizational metaphor for the most efficient and effective workforce was the well-oiled machine. In other words, as long as employees are paid fairly for their outputs (synonymous with putting gas into a vehicle), they will continue to work forever. Although both his view and metaphor (organization as machine) have been challenged, Frederick Taylor provided one of the first metaphors by which organizations operated. If an organizational employee knows that this is the metaphor that drives the organization, and that money and incentives are the true motivating factors, then this e mployee understands quite a bit about his organizational culture. Other popular metaphors that have surfaced over the years include organization as family, organization as system, organization as circus, organization as team, organization as culture, organization as prison, organization as organism, and the list goes on. (Corey Jay Liberman, Creating a Productive Workplace Culture and Climate: Understanding the Role of Communication and Socialization for Organizational Newcomers. Workplace Communication for the 21st Century: Tools and Strategies That Impact the Bottom Line, ed. by Jason S. Wrench. ABC-CLIO, 2013) Wal-Mart Metaphors The people-greeters give you the feeling that you are part of the Wal-Mart family and they are glad you stopped by. They are trained to treat you like a neighbor because they want you to think of Wal-Mart as your neighborhood store. Sam [Walton] called this approach to customer service aggressive hospitality. (Michael Bergdahl, What I Learned From Sam Walton: How to Compete and Thrive in a Wal-Mart World. John Wiley Sons, 2004)Lawyers representing these women [in the court case Wal-Mart v. Dukes] . . . claimed that Wal-Marts family model of management relegated women to a complementary yet subordinate role; by deploying a family metaphor within the company, Wal-Marts corporate culture naturalized the hierarchy between their (mostly) male managers and a (mostly) female workforce (Moreton, 2009).  (Nicholas Copeland and Christine Labuski, The World of Wal-Mart: Discounting the American Dream. Routledge, 2013)Framing Wal-Mart as a kind of David in a battle with Goliath is no accident al moveWal-Mart, of course, has worn the nickname of the retail giant in the national media for over a decade, and has even been tagged with the alliterative epithet the bully from Bentonville. Attempts to turn the tables of this metaphor challenge the person-based language that otherwise frames Wal-Mart as a behemoth bent on expansion at all costs. (Rebekah Peeples Massengill, Wal-Mart Wars: Moral Populism in the Twenty-First Century. New York University Press, 2013) Think of Wal-Mart as a giant steamroller moving across the global economy, pushing down the costs of everything in its pathincluding wages and benefitsas it squeezes the entire production system.   (Robert B. Reich, Supercapitalism: The Transformation of Business, Democracy, and Everyday Life. Knopf, 2007)After experiencing the flaws of having someone in Bentonville make decisions about human resources in Europe, Wal-Mart decided to move critical support functions closer to Latin America.The metaphor it used for describing this decision is that the organization is an organism. As the head of People for Latin American explains, in Latin America Wal-Mart was growing a new organism. If it was to function independently, the new organization needed its own vital organs. Wal-Mart defined three critical organsPeople, Finance, and Operationsand positioned them in a new Latin American regional unit. (Kaihan Krippendorff, The Way of Innovation: Master the Five Elements of Change to Reinvent Your Products, Services, and Organization. Platinum Press, 2003) The Big Tent Metaphor In what many observers will see as the de facto expression of mainstream U.S. Jewrys outlook on J Street, members of the Conference of Presidents of Major American Jewish Organizations voted 22-17 (with three abstentions) to reject the membership application of the self-labeled pro-Israel, pro-peace lobby. . .   J Street said in a statement, This is a sad day for us, but also for the American Jewish community and for a venerable institution that has chosen to bar the door to the communal tent to an organization that represents a substantial segment of Jewish opinion on Israel. Jewish leaders have used a big tent metaphor to describe which views on Israel and U.S. foreign policy are encompassed within the communitys consensus. Since its formation in 2008, J Street has been a frequent subject of debates on how far that tent stretches, and the groups bid to join the Conference of Presidents proved no different. Alina Dain Sharon and Sean Savage, J Street Rejected by Umbrella Group. (Heritage Florida Jewish News, May 9, 2014) Football as a Flawed Organizational Metaphor for Fire Fighting A metaphor seeps deeply into organizational narratives because the metaphor is a way of seeing. Once established it becomes a filter through which participants both old and new see their reality. Soon enough the metaphor becomes the reality. If you use the football metaphor you would think that the fire department ran a series of set plays; finite, divisible, independent actions.You could also assume that at the end of these short segments of violent action, everyone stopped, set up the next plan and then acted again. A metaphor fails when it does not accurately reflect core organizational processes. The football metaphor fails because fires are extinguished in one, essentially, contiguous action, not a series of set plays. There are no designated times for decision making in firefighting and certainly no timeouts, though my aging bones might wish that there were.(Charles Bailey, Metaphors Mask Realities of Firefighting. FireRescue1, Feb. 16, 2010)

3D in Internet Produce Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

3D in Internet Produce - Assignment Example visual platform.We are meaning to demonstrate that 3D training provides faster, more efficient, and a safe process that can be specifically tailored to the trainee.Two graphic artists are planed to partake in the design of the user interface for the template design.One person will focus on functional aspect of the interface design,while the other will work in collaboration to create the sample training template environment to be modified to suit a given type of training.Our research project will particularly investigate tactile sensors in the 3D industry and their potential in facilitating the user interaction with the virtual world generated via the template to give the impression of real live manipulation.Virtual 3D environments have the potential to significantly affect the way we manipulate and retrieve information.In researching ways to impact training via 3D interaction and interfacing we are also investigating possible axioms for object-oriented 3D internet capable of being ac cessed, constructed, and modified on the fly. The impact the upcoming generations may be as significant as the internet was on the current generation or generation X. (b) Significance of Research Question (if applicable) Explain briefly why you believe your central research question is with answering (its expected contribution to existing scholarship about art or design, and its relation to your own proposed studio research) The basic hypothesis for being able to generate 3D templates for training could literally apply to any aspect of learning and thereby offer a virtually limitless array of possibilities for the development of electronic art and design. 3. How will it be